How to Write to a File Using PHP

Spanish Verbs of Remembering and Forgetting

The most common Spanish verbs of remembering and forgetting are recordar and olvidar, respectively. Verbs For Remembering and Forgetting Recordar: Here are some examples of recordar in use. Note that it is conjugated irregularly, following the pattern of — in other words, the of the stem becomes. Recuerdo que nuestro equipo era impresionante. I remember that our team was incredible. ¿Ya no recuerdas cuando eras un nià ±o? You still dont remember when you where a child?Firefox no quiere recordar mis contraseà ±as. Firefox doesnt want to remember my passwords.No recuerdo donde fue mi primer beso. I dont remember where my first kiss was.Siempre te recordaremos. We will always remember you. Etymology:Recordar comes from the Latinrecordari, meaning to remember. Interestingly,recordar is a cousin of the wordcorazà ³n, meaning heart, as the heart has been thought of as the center of memory and emotions. False-friend alert: Except in poor translations from English, recordar is not used for meaning to record. Verbs used for that purpose include anotar (to write down) and grabar (to make a sound or video recording). Acordarse de: Also commonly used for to remember is the reflexive verb acordarse followed by the preposition de. As you might have guessed, acordarse is also a cousin of corazà ³n. It also is conjugated following the same pattern as recordar. Me acuerdo de la brisa que nos acariciaba. I remember the breeze that would caress us. ¿Por quà © a veces nos acordamos de lo que soà ±amos y otras veces no? Why do we sometimes remember what we dream and other times we dont?La respuesta corta a la pregunta es no, no se acordaron de nosotros. The short answer to the question is no, they didnt remember us.No quiero acordarme de ayer. I dont want to remember yesterday. Rememorar: Spanish does have a cognate of remember, rememorar, but it isnt used very often, and then usually to refer to an event being memorialized or recognized: Presidente Correa rememorà ³ la masacre del 2 de agosto. President Correa remembered the Aug. 2 massacre. Olvidar: Olvidar is the only verb in common use that means to forget. It sometimes is used in the reflexive form, often in the phrase olvidarse de, which can (but doesnt always) suggest deliberate forgetting. In some areas, olvidarse without the de is common. Los Spurs olvidaron el estilo que los habà ­a distinguido. The Spurs forgot the style that had distinguished them. ¡Ayà ºdame! Olvidà © mi contraseà ±a de Hotmail. Help! I forgot my Hotmail password.No voy a olvidar nunca mi visita a Mà ¡laga. Ill never forget my visit to Mà ¡laga.Me olvidarà © que fuiste mà ­o y que ahora te perderà ©. Ill forget that you were mine and that now I will lose you. ¿Por quà © nos olvidamos de fechas importantes? Why do we forget important dates? ¡No olvidemos lo nuestro! Lets not forget whats ours! Often olvidarse can function like gustar, in that the thing forgotten becomes the subject of the verb, and the person(s) who forgot becomes the indirect object: Es un video que no se te olvidarà ¡ nunca. Its a video youll never forget. (Literally, its a video that will never be forgotten to you.)Un dà ­a se me olvidaron las llaves del carro. One day I forgot the car keys.Se me olvidà ³ el coche en el autolavado y cerraba a las 6. I forgot the car in the car wash and it closed at 6. Etymology: Olvidar comes from the Latin oblitus, forgetful, making it a cousin of English words such as oblivion and oblivious. Sources Sources used in this lesson include  Fotolog.com, Devocionalies Cristianos, Internetizado.com, Isaac Arriola, La Voz de Galicia, Soyunalbondiga.com, Mi Rincà ³n del Alma, Taringa.net, Tenisweb, Terra.com, Ubuntu-es.org and  3wilio.

Reasons Behind The Salem Witch Trials - 1568 Words

Jaquelin Lopez History 1301- Dr.Frawley April 30, 1017 Reasons behind the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 The Salem Witch Trials were a series of trials in the 1690s which accused society members of practicing witchcraft, they took place in Salem, Massachusets. What caused this mass hysteria to occur? Some contributing factors could include some socio-economic reasons, an overbearing Puritan society and the influential sense that witchcraft was taking place all over the world. Massachusetts was settled by English puritans, faithful Anglican people who wanted to get away from Great Britain to purify their faith and religion, they didn’t agree with the liberalism that people lived with in England. When they came they brought their religious†¦show more content†¦Originally, rumors of violence blended into tales of witchcraft, war stories circulated in the town, and the girls in it were frightened by what they heard. Violent stories from the North along with their hyperactive imagination and their own imagined tales, they began to formulate a larger mythopoeic structure; a fantasy for themselves. These rumors grew inevitable to everyone in town the winter of 1692. This is the reason why witchcraft became such a scandal in all of Massachusetts not just Salem. Because these people had never gone through something like this before and that is also why they did not know how to deal with the problem. These rumors were supported by two girls in the family of Reverend Samuel Parris: his nine-year old daughter, Elizabeth and his eleven year old niece, Abigail Williams (Dickinson 20). Elizabeth became uncommonly ill, whispers that Elizabeth’s illness was not natural soon carried on all over Salem. This was ironic in the sense that the two girls who started this were related to the person guiding the Salem community in their religious faith. At the beginning the Salem Witch Trials did target the lower class. After being accused the girls began targeting other women in the village who were tormenting them; Sarah Good, Sarah Osborn, and Tituba (Dickinson 16). Part of the reason why these teenage girls were so involved in accusing other was their thirst for attention. Since Puritans wereShow MoreRelatedThe Salem Witch Trials Of 16921281 Words   |  6 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials were a sequence of hearings, prosecutions, and hangings of people who were thought to be involved in witchcraft in Massachusetts. These trials occurred between February 1692 and May 1693(The Salem Witch Trials, 1692. ). The Trials resulted in the execution of twenty people, in fact, most of them were women. The first of the trials began in several towns in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, such as Salem Village (currently known as Danvers), Salem Town, Ipswich, and Andover(SalemRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials691 Words   |  3 Pageswere the Salem Witch Trials? The Trials happened in 1692 in Puritan Massachusetts, in a town called Salem. Nineteen men and women were hanged on grounds of practicing dark magic and making a pact with Satan (in other words, for being witches). Hundreds of people were imprisoned; several died there. Additionally, one man (of over seventy years!) was crushed to death with heavy stones and the lives of many were irrevocably changed. (Salem Witch Museum) IQ #2- How and why did the Salem WitchRead MoreWhy Did the Salem Witch Trials Happen1102 Words   |  4 PagesWhat was the reason behind the Salem Witch Trials in the Year 1692? This is a question that has been asked by historians everywhere for over three hundred years. Although the questions is easily posed by people, the answered discovered by historians are hard searched and revealed. The answer is difficult to give because there are numerous factors and events that helped create and influence the trials, even before the trials began. The main factors that started and fueled the trials were the politicsRead MoreHistorical Journalism At The Salem Witch Trials863 Words   |  4 PagesHistorical Journalism at the Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials are one of the best known outbreaks of hysteria and fear in American history. This event began when Betty Parris, who was a daughter of Salem’s church’s minister, and Abigail Williams, who was her cousin, experiences several occasions of odd, violent behavior that they blamed on witchcraft. They accused two white women, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne, as well as a slave, Tituba, of practicing witchcraft in the village. The threeRead MoreMany Years Ago People Have Wonder About Witches And What1348 Words   |  6 Pagespeople have wonder about witches and what they do. Salem, Massachusetts held one of the biggest witch trials in history since 1692 but yet have never found the rea-son why it was started in the first place. Researchers have discovered some information about those witches throughout the years. Still they have not figured out what was the whole rea-son behind the trials in 1692 and after those trials a lot more trials were more secretiv e unlike the Salem witches tri-als in 1692. New England, home of theRead MoreSalem Witch Hunt : A Phenomenon Of Witch Trials1499 Words   |  6 Pages The Salem Witch Hunt was a phenomenon of witch trials in the Early Modern period. It occurred in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts. It all started when a group of young girls, Betty Parris, 9 years old, and Abigail Williams, 11 years old, started to behave in a crazy manner, like screaming and barking like a dog, and it got to the point where they assumed they were â€Å"possessed†. Soon after that, Ann Putnam Jr. and other Salem girls began acting similarly. People started getting very scared and startedRead MoreSalem Witch Trials Case Review1377 Words   |  6 Pages The Salem Witch Trials was one of the most out of the box things back in 1692 Massachusetts, but it still seems to be quite unexplainable and at times shady. More than 200 people were accused of practicing the devil’s magic, but only about 20 were executed. Though people were killed, the colonists e ventually admitted that the Salem Witch Trials were actually a mistake for which they later compensated the families that were convicted. I picked the Salem Witch Trials to type about because I wouldRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1276 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Crucible, Arthur Miller writes about a witch hysteria among the townspeople of Salem, Massachusetts. Secrets are rife within the town, and suspicion rises against isolated families. Nosiness and a want to discover and exploit the truth about people arises among the population. Invading one’s personal business, however, can likely do more harm than good. It is a personal right for one to keep to himself. It should not be a person’s concern to pry into any part of another’s life. In settingRead MoreA Delusion Of Sat The Story Of The Salem Witch Trials1372 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom your family throw you in a jail cell. You are a witch, this is what they tell you. Your tied up neck to heels the blood rushing to your head and eventually leaving your body. There is nothing you can do, nothing you can say. You have been condemned for a crime that you did not commit. In the book I have read, A Delusion Of Satan: The Full Story Of The Salem Witch Trials, Francis Hill discusses the events in which the women and men of Salem were accused of crimes committed to the townspeopleRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : Crisis1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials: Crisis in Salem Village Many people know of the Salem witch trials that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in the year 1692 spilling over into the year 1693. But for those who do not know, the Salem witch trials were a series of trials against men, women, and children accused of being a witch and or practicing witchcraft. In â€Å"The Devils Snare: The Salem Witch Trials of 1692† by Mary Beth Norton, the author recollects the stories of real life accounts of those accusers and

Metamorphosis And The Stranger - 1288 Words

The existence and purpose of human live has always posed a question for society. To answer this question, philosophers ponder Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy that humans exist for no true purpose and that each individual changes essence in his or her lifetime by finding meaning in life through freewill, choice, and personal responsibility without certain knowledge of right and wrong. This theory gained popularity in the mid-1900s after WWII caused many people to lose hope in an ordered world and accept that no cosmic justice exists. According to this theory, no absolute rules govern humans’ lives. This theory appears throughout literature and offers a grim perspective on human existence. The Metamorphosis, written by†¦show more content†¦In addition, Meursault cannot find a solid place in society. He lives alone due to the death of his mother. Society cannot accept the manner in which Meursault addresses his mother’s death. Since he thinks tha t â€Å"Maman died today. Or yesterday maybe, [he doesn’t] know† (Camus 3), society believes that he does not care that his mother dies. Everyone judges him because he does not relate to the rest of the people. Meursault receives immense criticism at his trial concerning his murdering another man. At his trial, Meursault can â€Å"feel how much all these people [the jury] hated† (Camus 90) him. The jury does not commend him or even regard him with understanding about his mother’s death. Some people react to death without actually reacting to it; Meursault subconsciously chooses to do so but receives condemnation. Both characters experience isolation from society. The characters also think illogically without true reasoning. When Gregor transforms into a large beetle, his first thought is not how to fix his situation. Rather, he thinks to himself, â€Å"How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense† (Kafka 7). He does not search for a solution or ask for help but finds sleeping an appropriate response. Later, he continues by concluding that his bug state is a result of â€Å"getting up early all the time† (Kafka 7) because â€Å"it makes you stupid† (Kafka 7). While not sleeping enough surely does cause people to become tired and theShow MoreRelatedThe Grapes Of Wrath, The Stranger, And The Metamorphosis925 Words   |  4 PagesOne theme that is found in Brave New World, Cry, the Beloved Country, The Grapes of Wrath, The Stranger, and The Metamorphosis is fear. Early in John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, we learn the source of the guilt Uncle John feels--his wife complained of a stomach ache, but John played it off. Soon after, his wife died of appendicitis. John still blames himself. He is afraid no one will like him after this because he murdered his wife. To compensate for this fear he leaves packs of gum for theRead MoreThe Role of Women in the Metamorphosis and the Stranger1597 Words   |  7 Pages| World Literature Essay | Role of Women in The Stranger and Metamorphosis | | Maria Fernanda Contreras | 6/17/2010 | | â€Å"The woman kept on crying† (10) – this ability to experience and express emotions is shown as something both the protagonists in both novels - The Metamorphosis written by Franz Kafka and The Stranger by Albert Camus – lack. Women are usually portrayed as the element of society who are more likely to show this ability which connects them to the world surrounding themRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness, Metamorphosis, And The Stranger1839 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper is to explain the comparisons and contrasts of â€Å"The Heart of Darkness†, â€Å"Metamorphosis†, and â€Å"The Stranger†. In each book, being isolated of the quality or state of being human and being separated from the state of things as they actually exist, are evident and are clearly defined. The isolation of humanity, can appear sometimes as an imbalance of the mental state, whether it is caused by a self – administered means, by one’s personal choices or illness causing psychosis is up forRead MoreThe Absurdity Of Existence Of The Book The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka And The Stranger 1732 Words   |  7 Pagescentury English literary works, but particularly in the two novellas, The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka and The Stranger by Albert Camus, ideas of absurdity are employed to analyze human nature and discover the true meaning of life, and death. Through the questioning of societal boundaries, both of the authors implement philosophy into their writing through their separate and unique styles. The Metamorphosis and The Stranger describe the transformation of young men who journey through life while discoveringRead MoreExistentialism in Literature and Science846 Words   |  3 Pagesunderstand the meaning of existentialism, it must be analyzed through the impacts it has had on both literature and scientific theories alike. The literary movement of existentialism is seen heavily in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis and Albert Camus’ The Stranger. In The Metamorphosis, the movement of his existentialism is gradual. Gregor Samsa, the protagonist, hates his job and he wishes to be free of all his social suffering. This is seen when he is transformed into a â€Å"monstrous vermin† (KafkaRead MoreMiscommunication Causes Serious Consequences Leading to Alienation and Discrimination Within a Society1202 Words   |  5 Pagesand vulnerable. In Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis and Albert Camus The Stranger, the significant role of communication is portrayed through two extreme examples. Miscommunication causes serious consequences leading to alienation and discrimination within a society like the lonesome raindrops, aloof and out of the worlds reach. Meursault, the protagonist in The Stranger, encounters a dilemma different than the anti-hero, Gregor Samsa, from The Metamorphosis does. As the main character transformsRead MoreKubler-Ross on Gregor Samsa and Meursault1589 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novels The Metamorphosis and The Stranger by Franz Kafka and Albert Camus, Kubler-Ross’s five stages of death are incorporated to emphasize the themes of individualism and isolation. While denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance are common emotions when dealing with death, denial, anger, and acceptance are essential in connecting to Kafka and Camus’s ideas regarding individualism. Through their experiences relating to those three stages of death, the protagonists, Gregor SamsaRead MoreThe Meta Metamorphosis : A Depth Look Into The Metamorphosis Of Grete1073 Words   |  5 PagesAlexandra Birkbeck Rogers IB English A: literature (SL) February 28th, 2012 Word Count: 1,416 The Meta-Metamorphosis: An In-depth Look into the Metamorphosis of Grete In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, one can find two forms of metamorphoses. One, being the most apparent, is Gregor’s physical transformation from a man to an insect, and secondly one may find a subtext of a form of transformation of Grete. This transformation is one that allows Grete to switch roles from being a young sister roleRead MoreA Concrete Human Existence, And The Conditions Of Such Existence1689 Words   |  7 PagesSimone De Beauvoir (1908-1986). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.) Albert Camus- In The Stranger, Camus displays the absurd and the indifference of life. In his later novel, The Fall discusses the guilt of all men, not only in their actions, but in their inactions as well. The Stranger- Camus himself did not believe in God; many of his characters then follow the same path, or rather do not follow any path. Meursault is caught with theRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Frank Kafka849 Words   |  4 PagesThe Metamorphosis is a short novella written by Frank Kafka during the 20th century Modernism period. The Modern period introduced technological advances like the steam engine; the telephone and telegraph connected humans from different regions and help improve the human experience. Although the increase of these technological devices led to an improvement of the human condition it also led to the production of dangerous weapons and modern warfare. Global conflicts ravaged modern life due to increasing

Golden Parachute Free Essays

Often in a stack of current newspapers, the front page topics that will catch your attention are ethical issues behind upper management compensations; in this case, on March 30th 2009, the issue that surfaced was Rick Wagoner’s leave from GM and his retirement package and how his actual/ base compensation doubled in his last year from approximately $7M to $15M. (7) With the current economic crisis, many people outside the business society have become aware of the ridiculously high income difference between top managers and regular working citizens. For instance, terms such as ‘golden parachute’ have been put under the limelight and are scrutinized. We will write a custom essay sample on Golden Parachute or any similar topic only for you Order Now Golden parachutes are severance pays to CEOs when they leave their company. The amount of money is usually influenced by the size of the business and the effort they put in. The golden parachute was once used to ethically to compensate CEOs who sacrificed their time and effort for the business; however, this is currently not the only case. Before we get into more detail, it is important to understand that the golden parachute once had a reason for being employed. With many mergers and acquisitions during the second industrial revolution, CEOs were offered compensations proportional to how much their effort was worth. According to the Journal of Business Ethics, this was an ethical standpoint because it was followed by two positive effects. First of all, golden parachutes encouraged mergers and acquisitions as opposed to bankruptcy. For instance, the CEO would choose to merge with a competitor and leave with an enticing amount of money. This minimized unemployment and loss of structural capital which is result of bankruptcy. Another positive effect in using the golden parachute was attracting an effective management team. Great CEOs are essential for the success of businesses, yet great CEOs are low on supply. As a result, golden parachutes can be ‘recruitment tool[s]’ and can bring the business back into an economically stable position. In essence, golden parachutes were and can still be ethical if the CEOs receive compensations proportional to their effort that was put forth to the company. 1) However, although these compensation packages began as an alternative that maximizes the sum of stakeholders’ satisfaction, many CEOs began to abuse this privilege. Highlighted by the principle agent theory, most people would prioritize personal incentives above all else. Therefore, it is understandable for a CEO to pursue personal incentives. However, fiduciary responsibilities to shareholders must be reinforced by boards. It is human nature to prioritize personal needs, but it is unethical to harm the business or shareholders during the process. Therefore, whether or not golden parachutes should or should not be mandatory remains a moral dilemma. The question still stands; is it defendable that CEOs deserve and have rights to collect golden parachutes? In a current issue, Rick Wagoner, CEO of GM, was asked to resign by Obama due to his failure to submit a restructuring plan. As a result, he received a whopping golden parachute of $20 million. If the decision was put in the hands of many tax payers, he would not have left with $20 million due to his track record. According to ABC News, under his leadership, â€Å"GM lost tens of billions of dollars, took billions in taxpayer-financed aid, and cut tens of thousands of jobs, including announced plans to cut 47,000 employees by the end of 2009†. (2) On top of that, he was included in a scandal, late 2008, where he was witnessed to have flown private jets when asking for a government bailout. With such exposure, tax payers are petrified with the fact that their money is going towards a paying a company which failed restructure. Thus, many argue that he did not deserve the money since he neglected his responsibility as the CEO of GM to look in the best interest of the stakeholder. On the other hand, GM and the government had to, by law, give Rick Wagoner the pay since it was already negotiated; thus, he was entitled to retirement funds. As a result, another ethical issue may arise based on whether or not he deserves the pay. Let’s also not forget the fact that he worked in GM for 32 years. 2) On top of that, if a golden parachute was not offered, many capable CEOs will lose incentives and GM’s financial position may not be able to recuperate without an effective leader. In essence, the dilemma a remains in debate regarding whether or not the benefits of golden parachutes override the possible abuse of this privilege. To further analyze this case, this dilemma was applied to the seven step decision procedure. Moral Standards To start off with, the first step to the decision procedure is to identify moral standards. Since each stakeholder’s interests vary, there is a conflict among personal goals, beliefs and values. For instance, CEOs and board members take action to maximize their pay due to personal goals; however, it may not be in the best interest of the company. As a result, by pursuing this goal, CEOs and board members believe in egoism where they look solely in the best interest of themselves and consider it as a means to goodness. They also believe that with a capitalist economy, the government should not intervene and should grant businesses’ their freedom resulting a laissez-faire perspective. Similarly, shareholders also intend to maximize their income and personal incentives. In doing so, they value trust and honesty and expect fiduciary duties to be met. Moral Impacts The second step is to recognize all moral impacts and how they either benefit or harm stakeholders. It is also important to identify any rights that are linked to entitlement and/or duty that may be recognized or violated. The following chart is a cost/ benefit analysis if the government was to allow the practice of golden parachutes. How to cite Golden Parachute, Essay examples

Political Order And Political Decay

Question: Discuss about a Report on Political Order And Political Decay? Answer: Introduction Industrial Revolution was started in earlier 18th Century from Great Britain and expands to Western Europe with a purpose for raising the standard of common being (Morris, 2013). This assignment comprises of the most positive and negative trait concerning the industrial revolution. Discussion Most positive aspects: Stated by Hudson (2014) Effective production is the key factor for the industrial revolution that works for the purpose of making the life easy while working less to accomplish a task. These goods are not only of cheaper price; however, fulfills the premium quality of the concerned products. Industrialization comprises of development of new factories that produces numerous numbers of products every day and as a consequence to this, every individual is able to purchase these products and hence this revolution develops the living standard by proposing them with a better job option in the industry (Kemp, 2014) Industrial revolution also enhances the togetherness among the people from diverse countries by making them aware concerning the development proposed in one country. This motivation further results in the urge of gaining education among the young employees; however this education can make them able to formulate useful invention. Most negative aspects: One of the most concerned disadvantages of the industry revolution is that the cities become very crowded with the migration of the villagers. This resettlement of farmers results the loss of farming which results in the scarcity of food requirements for an interval. Increase in the pollution by cutting down the forest resources is also an alarming issue regarding the concerned topic. Furthermore, Fukuyama (2014) stated that colonization also comes into consideration which results in the division in high-class and low-class societies. The life of the common people becomes exhausted as they had to work hard for long hours for a low payment. Industrialization comes with new advanced technology result to which some machines took the place of the humans and result for the major issues like unemployment that enforces those individual to commit crime. Lastly, as per as the view of Pinchbeck (2013) industrialization brought a negative impact on the morality of mankind. As a result, Exploita tion of child and women labour increasing. Conclusion Starting from the 18th century it depicts that in one hand where the industrialization makes the life of common person easy by providing cheap and good quality products. On the other hand it also results in the exploitation of nature and mankind. References Fukuyama, F. (2014).Political order and political decay: from the industrial revolution to the globalization of democracy. Macmillan. Hudson, P. (2014).The industrial revolution. Bloomsbury Publishing. Kemp, T. (2014).Industrialization in nineteenth century Europe. Routledge. Morris, A. E. J. (2013).History of urban form before the industrial revolution. Routledge. Pinchbeck, I. (2013).Women Workers in the Industrial Revolution. Routledge.

Managers Responsibilities

Question: What are the reflective portfolio to understand different roles and responsibilities of managers. Answer: The first unit consists of nature of managerial work, which helps me to understand different roles and responsibilities of managers. In current business environment, a manager performs different responsibilities, which improves overall mechanism of an organization (Brown and Mitchell 2010). This unit gives me the exposure of managerial roles and responsibilities, which helps me to understand the way I should handle different types of organizational situation in order to improve my decision-making capacity. After going through this module, I came to know that a manager is solely responsible for managing workforce and conflict between the employees. Therefore, it can be said that a successful manager needs to adopt efficient leadership approach for influencing the followers efficiently. The evaluation of managerial roles and responsibilities emphasize that the job role of managers is time consuming and therefore, most of the managers work for long hours. Moreover, managers use to bring their work at home in order to fulfill their responsibilities (Collins 2005). From this unit, I also came to know that responsibilities of managers are hectic in terms of diversity. Therefore, it can be said that managers does have different types of responsibilities such as communicating with the followers, handling confliction between the employees and other operational responsibilities. It is the sole responsibility of the managers to communicate with the employees for obtaining information (Doran 1981). In order to communicate with the followers, managers follow different communication models such as verbal and non-verbal communication style. From this module, I have been able to understand the decision-making process followed by the managers in order to achieve overall organizational objectives. The decision-making process depends on the leadership approach of the managers (Graf, Quaquebeke and Van Dick 2011). If an individual is transformational, then he or she will allow the followers to take part in decision-making process. In this manner, managers will allow feedbacks from the followers in order to make the final organizational decision. On the other hand, if an individual believes in autocracy, then that individual will not allow the followers to participate in decision-making process (Thompson and Henwood 2016). However, this model helps me to understand that seeking feedback from the followers allow a manager to bring innovation and knowledge sharing environment at workplace. From the evaluation of managerial role, I came to know that liaison role is one of the most important responsibilities of a manager in which managers create and maintain relationship with the employees in order to increase employee engagement (Malmendier and Tate 2015). Apart from that, this responsibility helps a manager to gather information from the employee level stakeholders. Additionally, negotiation is another role of managers, which help to reduce organizational conflict. Managers communicate with the both parties and reconcile the viewpoint of both parties in order to improve working environment (Koester, Shevlin and Wangerin 2016). After completing the entire unit, I have understood that managers of an organization are solely responsible for leading the workforce. This unit helps me to identify my drawbacks while managing a group of people. Therefore, it can be said that this unit helps me to improve my managerial qualities in an effective manner. After going through this unit, I have understood that feedback is one of the most important factors, which improves performance quality of the workforce. Moreover, feedback generation helps an organization to evaluate both managers and employees performance quality (Liu and Wang 2016). This unit helps me to understand various procedures of feedback generation. In case of performance improvement plan, managers obtain feedbacks from the employees in order to understand strengths and weaknesses of the workforce. After that, managers evaluate the feedbacks for understanding the procedures of increasing performance quality (Ng, Walls and Wingard 2016). Moreover, managers also obtain negative feedbacks from the workforce in order to improve organizational performance. As a manager of an organization, I would gather feedbacks from the workforce in order to evaluate performance qualities and potential barriers that are faced by the employees while performing for the organization (Verba 2015). In this manner, I will be able to improve working environment along with overall performance of the organization. Additionally, I will be able to increase productivity of each employee, as they will be able to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Before going through this unit, my approach of handling feedbacks was something different (Shapiro and Stefkovich 2016). Previously, I use to communicate with the employees before going through the feedbacks. However, evaluation of BEAR and BET model helps me to understand that it is highly important to monitor behavior of the subordinates in order to provide valid feedbacks to the employees. In this manner, the followers will be able to improve their performance, as they will be well aware regarding their shortf alls. Now, this unit also emphasize on the sensitive organizational issues, which can be determined from the negative feedbacks of the workforce. The CANDID approach helps me to evaluate the procedures of handling sensitive organizational issues in an effective manner (Terry 2015). In order to handle such situation, it is highly important to seek innovative ideas from the workforce. In this manner, managers will be able to identify the actual issues and therefore mitigating those issues will be easier. After completing this model, I came to know that I should improve my communication approach in order to encourage the followers to share their feedbacks. Now, receiving feedbacks is not what helps an organization to maintain sustainability. Along with feedback generation, I need to learn the possible manner in which I can give constructive feedback to the employees as well. Therefore, it can be said that feedback is a tow-way communication process in which the managers and workforce both par ticipate for organizational welfare (Sundaramurthy, Kor and Pukthuanthong 2015). When it comes to the cultural diversity, this unit helps me to understand the possible procedures of communicating with people from different cultural background (Platow et al. 2015). In current era of business environment, every organization has adopted diversified working culture in which believe and faith of people are different and therefore, I needs to develop my communication skill in order to value feedbacks of different cultural people. The unit describes that a leader should have the ability of listening others voice in order to drive the organization towards success. This unit describes the importance of experience in leadership, which influence behavior of a leader either negatively or positively. Leaders in current business environment, create examples for influencing the followers. In this manner, leaders generally create benchmark for the followers (OReilly et al. 2015). The experience can be positive or negative in nature and in case of negative experience, leaders should share the experience regarding how the leader has dealt with that negative situation and how success comes from the determination. The major objective of this unit is to elaborate the usefulness of experience in leading people towards success (Brown and Mitchell 2010). According to this unit, an individual should extract the positive matter from a negative experience in order to maintain sustainability in personal and professional life as well. Moreover, leaders should encourage other people to learn from experience in order to be successful in both personal and professiona l life. When it comes to my personal experience, I feel everyone face a downtime in life. Previously, I was unable to realize the positive aspects of negative experiences. nevertheless, when I dealt with a negative situation, I was initially afraid and helpless. However, I tried to overcome the situation by focusing on the learning that I earned from that situation. I spoke to each and everyone who can guide me on that situation and finally realize that life has just given me the opportunity to improve my skills in terms of professionalism. The other aspect, which I would like to mention, is my interpersonal skills (Collins 2005). During my downtime, I have communicated with different people. It helps me to develop my interpersonal skills and therefore, now I can communicate with people from different cultural background. During that time, I learned from others experience regarding how they improve their personal skills in order to improve performance. Moreover, it helps me to create own exa mples for improving others downtime in an effective manner (Doran 1981). The major understanding that this unit gives me is how to communicate with own self. After knowing others situation, it is highly important to put own self on others situation and conduct a hypothetical analysis. It helps an individual to relate with the exact situation what are the factors that helps others to overcome downtimes. The above-mentioned learning that I learned from this unit needs to be related with real life leaders and manager. In order to be a successful leader, an individual should have the capacity of learning from experience. Thereafter, that individual should implement those learning while treating other people (Graf, Quaquebeke and Van Dick 2011). For example, if being discriminated is someones bitter experience, then that individual should not adopt discriminative approach in future (Thompson and Henwood 2016). In this manner, I would be able to improve organizational environment along with encouraging good practices within the workforce. Therefore, it can be said that this module not only influenced me to improve my own personal understanding, but also improved my leadership skills (Malmendier and Tate 2015). The interpersonal skill and communication skill is the most important aspect, which helps me to improve my leadership quality as well. This unit gives the understanding of ethical and unethical leadership at workplace. Now days, communicating with the followers are the most important factor, which helps the leaders to gather authentic feedbacks. On the other hand, organizations of current era are diversified in terms of workforce. Therefore, leaders need to deal with different cultural people. Additionally, leaders need to comply with different ethical considerations in order to maintain healthy working environment (Koester, Shevlin and Wangerin 2016). The research conducted I this unit emphasize both ethical and unethical leadership approach. In case of unethical leadership approach, the major issue takes place, is discrimination between people. However, a leader should not discriminate people based on their age, gender, race and ethnicity. In this manner, the overall performance of an organization will deteriorate. In order to implement an ethical leadership approach, an organization should allow both employees an d managers to share their feedbacks, which is commonly known as 360-degree performance assessment approach (Liu and Wang 2016). After going through this unit, I came to know that I should gives freedom of speech to the followers for improving the overall organizational environment. Moreover, I should not discriminate people based on their age, gender and ethnicity. When it comes to my understanding from this unit, it has been understood that a leader should attract the followers by trustworthiness. Therefore, implementing ethical leadership is one of the most important factors. Moreover, this kind of leadership approach helps to improve employees performance along with overall organizational performance (Ng, Walls and Wingard 2016). Apart from that, this unit gives me the exposure to understand my leadership trait, which further helps me to be myself while managing a group of people. I have identified that it is highly important to be own self rather than acting like other. In this manner, an individual can perform as per his or her capacity (Verba 2015). In order to give value to other people, it is highly important to compare personal values with the professional values. In this style, it will be possible to understand others values in terms of personal and professional values. In order to influence others, I need to be the role model for the followers. Therefore, it is highly important to adopt ethical leadership by identifying own leadership traits. In this process, I will be able to lead the workforce according to my behavior, which will never fluctuate in terms of communication skill. Furthermore, discovering my authentic leadership style will help me to improve my leadership skill even better. I will be also able to identify my weaknesses, which is highly important for a leader to influence the followers. According to this unit, an individual can improve self-leadership skills rather than adopting others leadership traits (Shapiro and Stefkovich 2016). If an individual thinks that a particular leadership approach is effective, then that individual should have the behavioral aspect to improve his or her own leadership activities. This unit helps me to build effective goals and objectives, which helps me to achieve my professional and personal goals in life. Previously, before reading this unit, I thought that my goals are efficient and therefore, I was not able to achieve my professional goals in accordance with my capacity. However, after reading this unit, I case to know that goals and objectives should be framed in SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Reasonable and Timeliness) format (Terry 2015). After going through this module, I have reframed by goals and objectives in which I have identified the importance of SMART objectives in an effective manner. Additionally, I have gained knowledge regarding realistic objectives. In order to obtain successful outcome, it is highly important to set realistic objectives. Objectives are milestone and related to each other; therefore, an individual should achieve the objectives in chronological manner for achieving a broader objective (Sundaramurthy, Kor and Pukt huanthong 2015). Therefore, every objective should be realistic; because, in this manner an individual should achieve each objective within the proffered time boundaries. In order to frame efficient objectives, it is highly important to allocate a specific time for each objective. Without being punctual in terms of time, it is not possible to achieve overall goals. This unit also emphasize that every objectives should have sub-objectives, which should be framed within short time span (Platow et al. 2015). In this manner, the activities for achieving the objectives can be measured. The most important factor described in this unit is teamwork. In order to achieve broader objective, it is highly important to conduct an efficient allocation of resources. In this manner, it will be possible to segregate the responsibilities depending on the expertise of individual. This unit helped me to increase my efficiency while building goals and objectives for a broad and small organization as well. On the other hand, this unit also described that goals and highly important for personal development. In order to improve my skills and performance skills, I should build realistic and measurable goals. Moreover, it motivates me, if I able to achieve the framed goals and objectives randomly (OReilly et al. 2015). In order to achieve my goals I should have the determination and hard working capabilities. Moreover, people around me can also help me while performing for a set of objective. In other words, teamwork and determination of own both are important at same extent in order to achieve broad organizational objectives. Summary After completing all the units, I came to know that a leader should have efficient communication and interpersonal skills in order to influence the followers. Moreover, a leader is solely responsible for communicating with the followers in order to gather valuable feedbacks from the employees. In this manner, it will be possible to understand strengths and weaknesses of the workforce, which ultimately helps to improve organizational performance. After going through this module, I have understood that building realistic goals and objectives is one of the important factors, which improves the overall performance of an organization. Leadership critique Introduction The term leadership refers to the ability of an individual, which helps to lead other people. Moreover, leaders are equipped with different traits and behavior, which helps them to influence their followers. In order to identify leadership, it is important to understand different concepts and theories of leadership. Different individual has different believe and traits while managing people. In other words, different scholar can define leadership differently. However, the overall rationale of leadership remains same. According to Brown and Mitchell (2010), leaders are in born and therefore, it is not possible to build leadership traits. However, Collins (2005) argued that leadership traits can be improved, which increase efficiency of a leader. When it comes to the leadership styles, different leaders have taken different approaches for leading a mass population. On the other hand, Doran (1981) mentioned that people can learn leadership from their personal experience. Apart from pers onal experience, it is also possible to observe others experience for improving self-leadership traits. The most important factor is to identify self-leadership trait rather than being someone else. Furthermore, Graf, Quaquebeke and Van Dick, (2011) stated that it is not necessary to have high level of education for being a successful leader. An individual can have the ability of building good relationship with the followers in order to make influential impact. There are different traits that an individual can have in order to be a successful leader. The traits depend on the approach of that individual; however, there are some basic traits such as determination and strong vision, which makes a leader (Thompson and Henwood 2016). Leaders of current era focus on the employees feedback in order to improve organizational performance. Moreover, if the employees are involved in decision-making process, then it will be easy to satisfy the employees. Transformational leaders utilize this activity as a motivational tool in which job satisfaction of the workforce can be increased. Moreover, the five primary behaviors such as inspiring visioning, coaching, stimulating and teamwork are the most important trait, which an effective leader should have (Malmendier and Tate 2015). An individual can improve his or her behaviors for adopting leadership abilities. However, the great man theory suggests that leaders are inborn and cannot be developed. It is highly important to have the basic attributes in order to lead a group of people. In this paper, I will evaluate two leadership theories by relating the theories with my personal leadership traits. This evaluation will help me to understand that in which leadership theory I believe. I will evaluate my leadership traits by explaining my personal experience while leading workforce of my own organization. Leadership Theories Transformational leadership style This theory of leadership emphasize that communication with the followers is the most important activity, which a leader should maintain. Leaders with this leadership approach are generally innovative in nature. In order to implement innovative ideas, these leaders allow the followers to take part in decision-making process (Liu and Wang 2016). In order to build an innovative decision, these leaders seek feedbacks from the subordinates. In this manner, leaders identify both negative and positive feedbacks from the followers in order to maintain workplace environment. Moreover, leaders with this particular approach think that leaders should have the ability of coaching their followers in order to improve performance. In other words, the overall performance of the organization depends on the employees performance and therefore, it is important to measure and monitor performance quality of every individual employee. Therefore, these leaders build healthy relationship with the followers for understanding strengths and weaknesses of the followers (Ng, Walls and Wingard 2016). Additionally, these leaders use to motivate the workforce with different motivational tools such as recognition, remuneration and other advantages. In order to improve performance quality of the employees, these leaders identifies the inability of the employees individually. It helps the leaders to build the training program for specific employee. Moreover, these leaders encourage innovation from the followers, which helps to improve organizational performance (Verba 2015). However, this approach makes the leaders more lenient, which sometimes increase risk factors for the organization. The workforce can take advantage of the leniency, which is highly disadvantageous for the organization. In order to overcome this issue, transformational leaders monitor performance of the workforce randomly. In this manner, the overall organizational performance can be improved continuously. Transactional Leadership style Transactional leadership is a leadership trait in which leaders reward and punish the followers for achieving or not achieving a set objective. The aim of these leaders to achieve organizational objectives for which workforce will be benefited with extra advantages. On the other hand, punishing the workforce is another activity of these leaders in case if the workforce is unable to achieve the objectives (Shapiro and Stefkovich 2016). Therefore, it can be said that employees under this leadership approach perform for a certain reward. These leaders focus on creating goals and objectives rather than seeking feedbacks from the workforce. The objectives created by transactional leaders are realistic and measurable. Therefore, employees can easily achieve their objectives, which will influence the overall organizational objective. Transactional leaders measure the performance quality of the workforce and depending on the evaluation; leaders try to identify the weaknesses (Terry 2015). Im proving the performance quality of the workforce is highly important and therefore, these leaders wait until employees perform poorly. This approach prevents the workforce to perform accurately all the time. In this leadership approach, workforce does not have the right to provide innovative ideas, which affects motivation negatively. However, the approach of reward and punishment tends the workforce to pay extra attention to the objectives. The aim of the transactional leaders is to maintain the current situation rather than implementing change. Self-perspective of leadership theories After going through both the leadership styles such as transformational and transactional, I have understood that both these leadership approach are different concept of leadership. The authors has created these leadership concepts based on believe and situation as well. However, my perception on leadership is something different from these leadership styles. My leadership style is mostly depends n transformational theory. I believe that individuals should have the freedom to share their viewpoint and therefore, feedback generation is one of the major activities that a leader should conduct (Sundaramurthy, Kor and Pukthuanthong 2015). Apart from that, a leader should communicate with the followers in order to increase employee engagement. In this manner, a leader can understand strengths and weaknesses of the workers, which is highly important for improving overall organizational performance. In order to understand expertise of the employees, I believe a leader needs to increase trus t factors of the workforce (Platow et al. 2015). I personally prefer transformational leadership rather that being a transactional leader. In this leadership approach, I will be able to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the workforce, which is effective for improving overall organizational performance. Apart from that, this leadership approach helps to communicate with the followers, which increase employee engagement. In this leadership approach, I will be able to gather feedbacks of the employees, which is effective for implementing change management in an effective manner (OReilly et al. 2015). When it comes to my personal experience, I have observed that many leaders have adopted financial rewards as the motivational tools. However, these leaders are unable to influence the workforce as a team. There are some employees those who were happy with the leaders and the other group of employees was afraid of punishment (Brown and Mitchell 2010). Therefore, it can be said that transactional leadership approach is only for the efficient employees those who can achieve their objectives randomly. On the other hand, the other employees are not efficient and need proper training process in order to improve their performance skill (Collins 2005). However, the manager was not capable to build strong communication with the workforce. Therefore, it was not possible to identify the key challenges that are faced by the employees with low knowledge. From the working environment described above, it can be said that the leader has implemented transactional leadership. On the other hand, he was communicating with the workforce for sharing organizational vision. Therefore, it can be said that he was relying on both transactional and transformational leadership approach. However, adopting both leadership styles at the same time is not possible (Thompson and Henwood 2016). An individual needs to be either strict or lenient with their followers in order to make influential impact. On the other hand, the aim of the transformational leaders is to implement rapid change within the organization. Therefore, a leader can adopt some trait of transformational leadership while implementing transactional leadership approach. I have observed his approach and identified that he use to change his approach depending on the organizational situation (Malmendier and Tate 2015). In case if organization needs to make a sudden change, then transformationa l leadership approach is the most effective process. On the other hand, in order to maintain sustainable practices within an organization, transactional leadership approach is most suitable. After observing the above-mentioned leadership style, I find that transformational approach suited me the most. There are different scholars has evaluated transformational leadership approach. According to Liu and Wang (2016), transformational leadership helps to influence the workforce to accept the proposed changes within short time span. I have implemented this leadership approach for improving performance quality of my subordinates. For instance, I motivated a group of people with this leadership style and gain successful outcome. The followers were loyal to the entire process adopted by me. My transparent communication method helps the followers to understand my vision and objectives. Therefore, it can be said that the followers were interested in my vision rather than the added advantages. On the other hand, transactional leadership influences the followers with rewards. Therefore, the workforce tends to pay more attention to the rewards rather than the mission and vision of th e organization (Ng, Walls and Wingard 2016). I have created the mission and vision as per the capacity of the workforce, which makes the objectives realistic. Therefore, my followers can increase their efficiency while performing for the organization. Things, which I tend to avoid while leading the workforce is financial reward for increasing performance. In this manner, the workforce will be divided into two parts in which one of the groups will be satisfied and another group will be dissatisfied. Apart from that, the second group of employee will be unable to improve their performance quality due to lack of communication with the leader (Verba 2015). Therefore, the transactional leaders should not rely only on the financial benefits in order to motivate the workforce. There are different motivational tools, which a transformational leader utilizes for motivating people. Therefore, I would like to focus on the other motivational tools such as recognition, incentive trip and others. However, financial reward is similarly important because everyone is working for financial interest only (Sundaramurthy, Kor and Pukthuanthong 2015). Therefore, leaders should use both financial and other motivational tools in order to increase perform ance of the company. Apart from that, I always monitor performance of the employees in order to identify strengths and weaknesses of every individual. The transaction leadership approach conflicts with my leadership trait. In case of this leadership approach, the leaders are not proactively implementing performance development plan. Therefore, employees working under this leadership will not be able to understand the organizational objectives due to low communication with the leader. On the other hand, I believe that an individual should have strong communication ability in order to understand others viewpoint (Platow et al. 2015). Moreover, I will be also able to provide suitable feedbacks to the workforce in order to convert their weaknesses to strengths. Implementing transactional leadership approach is only effective for maintaining the current situation. However, in current business environment, it is not enough to maintain the current situation because the global market is continuously evolving. Therefore, I should adopt the innovation as per the current market situation, which will help me to gain competitive advantages (ORe illy et al. 2015). In case of implementing technological innovation, I should first increase awareness regarding need of change. Moreover, it is important to provide training to the workforce for increasing their knowledge regarding the newly implemented technologies. Apart from that, I need to monitor the performance of the workforce for measuring the extent in which the workforce is able to understand the newly launched technology (Shapiro and Stefkovich 2016). However, in transactional leadership approach, I will be unable to conduct these steps. Therefore, this leadership approach is conflicting with my thinking and behavior. I would not be able to influence my followers with the help of this leadership approach because people will be segregated into two different sections. Some people will be happy with my approach and some people will be afraid of their objectives and time limitation because of inefficiency. When it comes to the transactional leadership, one thing I like about this leadership is rewarding the employees for achieving a set of objectives. In this process, employees will be able to focus on their objectives. Therefore, I prefer to implement both the leadership approach in order to influence the workforce. In this process, I will be able to reward the employees along with building efficient communication. Therefore, understanding strengths and weaknesses of the workforce will be possible. In order to influence the workforce, it is important to build good relationship in order to increase trust factors. If the followers can trust the leader, then vision and mission of the leader will easily influence them (Sundaramurthy, Kor and Pukthuanthong 2015). The most important thing is sharing personal experience with the followers. This helps to create examples of critical scenarios and the possible procedures of overcoming the issue. In this manner, it is possible to create performa nce benchmark for the workforce, which helps to maintain standard performance quality. I tend to motivate my followers with efficient motivational tools rather than financial benefits. Therefore, it can be said that my leadership style conflicts with the leadership style, which I have observed. My leadership approach is transformational, in which I generally build friendly relationship with my followers. The transactional leadership does not allow the leaders to communicate with the followers, which creates barrier for the leaders (Platow et al. 2015). Therefore, I think leaders needs to understand the issues faced by the followers while performing for the set of objectives. However, I believe that an individual should have the flexibility to adopt leadership approach as per the organizational requirements. Conclusion After evaluating transformational and transactional leadership approach, I come to know that both of the leadership styles have different vision. Therefore, approach of leaders is also different depending on different situation. The evaluation of different leadership concepts emphasize that a leader should have the ability o communicating with the people in order to understand their stratenghts and weaknesses. In this manner, a leader can improve performance quality of the workforce in an effective manner. Moreover, reward management strategy is one of the major activities, which helps leaders to influence the workforce as per the organizational vision. On the other hand, evaluation of transformational and transactional leadership helps me to understand different kinds of motivational tools and their purpose. I believe that leadership is a continuous discovery own mindset. I understand that leadership is my responsibility and I should identify the basic requirements for my followers rather than just implementing policies and procedures. Reference list Brown, M. M. Mitchell, (2010) 'Ethical and Unethical Leadership: Exploring New Avenues for Future Research', Business Ethics Quarterly, 20 (4) pp. 583-616. Collins, J., (2005) 'Level 5 Leadership: The Triumph of Humility and Fierce Resolve', Harvard Business Review, 83 (7-8) pp.136-146. Doran, G. T., (1981) 'There's a S.M.A.R.T. Way to Write Management's Goals and Objectives', Management Review, 70 (11) pp.35-36. Retrieved from the University of Roehampton Library Graf, M., N. Van Quaquebeke R. Van Dick, (2011) 'Two Independent Value Orientations: Ideal and Counter-Ideal Leader Values and Their Impact on Followers' Respect for and Identifcation with Their Leaders', Journal of Business Ethics, 104 (2), pp.185-195. Koester, A., Shevlin, T.J. and Wangerin, D., 2016. The role of managerial ability in corporate tax avoidance.Management Science, Forthcoming. Liu, S. and Wang, L., 2016. Influence of managerial control on performance in medical information system projects: The moderating role of organizational environment and team risks.International Journal of Project Management,34(1), pp.102-116. Malmendier, U. and Tate, G., 2015. Behavioral CEOs: The Role of Managerial Overconfidence.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(4), pp.37-60. Ng, E.S., Walls, J. and Wingard, G., 2016. Getting to the Heart of Corporate Sustainability: The Role of Managerial Values and Motivation in the Mongolian Mining Industry.Available at SSRN OReilly, D., Leitch, C.M., Harrison, R.T. and Lamprou, E., 2015. Leadership, authority and crisis: Reflections and future directions.Leadership, p.1742715015596641 Platow, M.J., Haslam, S.A., Reicher, S.D. and Steffens, N.K., 2015. There is no leadership if no one follows: Why leadership is necessarily a group process.International Coaching Psychology Review,10(1), pp.20-37. Shapiro, J.P. and Stefkovich, J.A., 2016.Ethical leadership and decision making in education: Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge Sundaramurthy, C., Kor, Y.Y. and Pukthuanthong, K., 2015, January. The Role of Board Leadership Structure in Enhancing the Value of Directors' Human and Social Capital. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 11072). Academy of Management. Terry, L.D., 2015.Leadership of public bureaucracies: The administrator as conservator. Routledge Thompson, A. and Henwood, S.M., 2016. From the clinical to the managerial domain: the lived experience of role transition from radiographer to radiology manager in Southà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ East Queensland.Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences Verba, S., 2015.Small groups and political behavior: A study of leadership. Princeton University Press.